ADAM9は急性肺障害や喫煙障害性肺障害ではその役割は知られていた
肺気腫との関連性指摘
1) 肺気腫 (弾力線維分解、肺pneumocyteのアポトーシス過剰、白血球集積増加、特に肺胞マクロファージの増加)
2) 小気道線維化s (上記炎症細胞集積と線維芽細胞/筋線維芽細胞コラーゲン沈着)
3) 慢性気管支炎 (気管支上皮細胞metaplasia増加・気管支炎症増加)
https://www.atsjournals.org/doi/abs/10.1164/rccm.201805-1012ED?af=R
ということで、ADAM9はCOPDの病態・病因に広範に関連する可能性有り
ADAM9 ADAM metallopeptidase domain 9 [ Homo sapiens (human)
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/8754
This gene encodes a member of the ADAM (a disintegrin and metalloprotease domain) family. Members of this family are membrane-anchored proteins structurally related to snake venom disintegrins, and have been implicated in a variety of biological processes involving cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions, including fertilization, muscle development, and neurogenesis. The protein encoded by this gene interacts with SH3 domain-containing proteins, binds mitotic arrest deficient 2 beta protein, and is also involved in TPA-induced ectodomain shedding of membrane-anchored heparin-binding EGF-like growth factor. Several alternatively spliced transcript variants have been identified for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2010]
A Disintegrin and Metalloproteinase Domain-9: A Novel Proteinase Culprit with Multifarious Contributions to Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Xiaoyun Wang et al.
https://doi.org/10.1164/rccm.201711-2300OC
AJRCCM Vol. 198, No. 12 | Dec 15, 2018
研究理由: ADAMs (proteinases with a disintegrin and a metalloproteinase domain)のCOPDでの検討詳細なし
目的: ADAM9がCOPDと関連しているかヒト・マウスで検証
方法: ADAM9 血中・肺内測定値をCOPDと対照被検者で比較、in air- vs cigarette smoke(CS)暴露wild-type マウスでも検証
wild-type 及び Adam9−/− マウスにair かCS暴露 1-6ヶ月、COPD様病態があるか検証
測定と主要結果:ADAM9染色は肺上皮細胞・マクロファージで増加し、喫煙者、COPD患者ではより多く増加、pack-year喫煙歴に直接相関し、気道閉塞 and/or FEV1予測比に逆相関
気道上皮細胞ADAM9 mRNA値はCOPD患者で対象患者より高値、pack-year喫煙歴と直接相関
血中、BAL液、喀痰ADAM9値はCOPDと対照と同等
CS暴露はwild-typeマウス肺内でAdams9値を増加
Adam9-/-マウスは気腫発症、小気道線維化、気道粘液metaplasiaに防御的
CS-暴露Adam9-/-マウスは肺マクロファージ数減少、肺胞隔壁アポトーシス、肺elastin減少、BALF中vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 と epidermal growth factor receptor減少と関連
Recombinant ADAM9は、上皮細胞のepidermal growth factor と vascular endothelial growth factor receptorが脱落、Akt prosurvival pathwayの活性化現象、細胞アポトーシス増加をもたらす
結論:ADAM9値はCOPD肺で増加し、臨床的変数として鍵
Adam9はマウスで肺気腫発症を促進し、大気道、小気道疾患も促進する
ADAM9抑制は、multiple COPD phenotypeへの治療アプローチとなり得る